Saturday, July 11, 2020
Types of Papers Written in College
Types of Papers Written in CollegeWhether you're getting ready to apply for a college degree or just want to take a few papers and turn them into a high quality work of art, there are a few types of papers you can turn to. In fact, you may be surprised at how many different styles and materials are available.Probably the most common styles are A4 and U.S. Letter size papers. They can be a little difficult to get into on a standard letter size printer, so a better alternative is to purchase pre-formatted paper that is already cut to certain sizes. One popular option is paper to fit perfectly inside a standard-sized stamp, which can be mounted to standard letter or legal size envelopes.Writing on larger canvasses is not usually best done with a single piece of paper. It's best to use several pieces of material, each labeled and sized accordingly. There are several options, from foil labels (paper that has a certain colored coating applied to it) to large sheets of white paper. If you f eel that your material is too distracting, consider using two or three different colors.Journaling can also be a great research tool. Most journals are designed with a type of adhesive on the back, which can be removed when writing. Other options include custom covers, glue, and double-sided tape. These are all fairly easy to remove, though the paper may need to be trimmed down slightly so the adhesive does not wear away.Diaries are an excellent choice for documenting your classes, personal life, or daily activities. They are usually lined in a single piece of stiff white paper, with blank spaces available at the end for notes. These tend to be a little less formal than a journal, but do make a beautiful, small-scale gift.One printable color that is growing in popularity is dye-sublimated. These are done by dipping colored plastic or cloth into a dye bath, then pressing the dye into the plastic or cloth. It doesn't require a lot of work, and you can purchase this material in almost any specialty printing store. The advantage to using this type of dye is that it lasts longer than printing on paper, and because it is colored, it will blend in nicely with almost any background.Another style you may consider is abstract art. One way to produce abstracts is by cutting pieces of the paper, rubbing them together, and waiting for the color to set. You can also try dipping various pieces of material, like art paper, into a dye bath. This style looks great, and you can buy high-quality printed work, but you have to be careful that the paper doesn't bleed through the plastic.By taking the time to browse different styles of papers, you'll quickly find what suits you best. While one might be perfect for another, if you decide to buy from an online printing store, be sure to check their return policy and use the instructions provided for proper care. Also, if you're printing on special paper, be sure to check to make sure it's available on the printing machine you want to u se for the job.
Thursday, July 2, 2020
The Effect of Freuds Theory of Psychoanalysis on Literary Criticism - Literature Essay Samples
Sigmund Freud, as a nineteenth century neurologist, intricately studied the workings of the human mind, leading him to develop a controversial theory termed psychoanalysis. He differentiated between that which we knowingly do and think, and what that which we unconsciously repress, constructing a model of the separate divisions of the human psyche and its processes. In this essay I shall both explain Freudââ¬â¢s theory, as well as outline its implications for literary criticism as the unconscious thoughts of both the characters and the writer come into play. According to Freudââ¬â¢s process of psychoanalysis, the mind exists not as one single unit, but is rather separated into three distinct divisions: the conscious mind, the preconscious mind, and the unconscious mind. Freud uses an iceberg analogy in order to better explain his ideas about the levels of the mind. Here, the conscious mind is shown as comparable to the tip of an iceberg, the only part which is clearly exposed above sea level. This level encompasses the thoughts and feelings which we are aware of and our rational everyday thought processes. The preconscious exists just below ââ¬Ësea levelââ¬â¢, and can be accessed when necessary but is not constantly in awareness, much like human memories. These are stored just outside of our consciousness, but we can retrieve them in response to a trigger such as an old photo or a friend recalling a memory out loud. The largest part of the iceberg which expands deep under the water hidden from view is analogous to Freudââ¬â¢s idea of the unconscious. This is a vast thought pool of mostly socially unacceptable desires, fears and anxieties. One of his key ideas on this part of the mind is the idea that it operates outside of our awareness, yet still affects our behaviour and personality without us knowing it. The majority of this level is composed of what Freud termed the ââ¬Ëidââ¬â¢, the basal instincts and desires of the human mind. The id is comprised of the life instinct (or eros), which drives sexual desire and life sustenance, and the death instinct (or theros) which is responsible for aggression and self-destruction. Freud argued that the ââ¬Ëegoââ¬â¢ is developed during infancy as a way of integrating the primitive desires of the id into the reality of society in a safe and acceptable way. The ââ¬Ësuperegoââ¬â¢ is, according to Freud, the part of the brain which acts in accordance with moral expectations. Unlike the ego, the superego causes us to feel guilt when we allow ourselve s to act on our primal desires in an uncompromising fashion. Freud outlined the way in which this guilt or conscience keeps our unconscious desires from manifesting in a socially unacceptable manner as he argued that ââ¬Å"Conscience is the internal perception of the rejection of a particular wish operating within usâ⬠[1]. When applied to literary criticism, Freudââ¬â¢s theory holds implications for the nature of characters and their unconscious motives, leading the characters to take on a new position in relation in the story, perhaps even transitioning from a protagonist to an antagonist or vice versa. An example of this can be seen in Henry Jamesââ¬â¢s gothic novel, The Turn of the Screw[2]. Throughout Jamesââ¬â¢s novel, we are presented with the story of a woman who, when taken in a literal form, is confronted by ghostly apparitions which haunt the house she becomes employed at. However, when read in the light of Freudian theory, these ghosts be more psychological than supernatural. Leonard Orr supports this alternative standpoint and affirms its alignment with Freudââ¬â¢s theory as he argues that ââ¬Å"to see the ghosts as hysterical projections from the disturbed mind of the narratorso the children are victims; [is to place] the focus on the unconscious mind of the governess and the tools of psychoanalysisâ⬠[3]. Indeed, from a Freudian perspective, the close and intimate relationship which the governess develops with Flora and Miles may be seen as more perverse than maternal. Gary Gillard supports this notion as he suggests that the governessââ¬â¢s repressed sexual wishes ââ¬Å"take the form of projections of perverted desire, directed at the children, but not manifestly emanating from the governess herself, but only revealed latently so to be, after a process of psychoanalysisâ⬠[4]. Certainly, much of the governessââ¬â¢s interaction with the children can be interpreted as holding sexual undertones, such as when she describes how she ââ¬Å"held [Miles] to [her] breast, where [she] could feel in the sudden fever of his little body the tremendous pulse of his little heartâ⬠[5]. If this view is to be accepted, the ghosts may not be simply projections of her desire, but rather a product of her superego which experiences guilt. If she realises her actions are wrong, the apparitions may be a form of wish fulfilment, allowing her to alleviate her guilt by seeing herself as a protector of the children rather than an antagonist. Here, the governess has undergone a fundamental transition from hero and anti-hero when the text is approached from a Freudian perspective. Another key aspect of Freudââ¬â¢s theory which holds implications for literature is the Oedipus complex. Having drawn its name from the famous Greek tragedy Oedipus Rex about the man who unintentionally murders his father and marries his mother[6], the theory dictates that all children must develop through an unconscious attraction to their female parent. In the case of boys, this leads to an equally unconscious desire to rid themselves of their father who they deem the main competition for the motherââ¬â¢s affection. Indeed, Freud himself stated that ââ¬Å"The sexual wishes in regard to the mother become more intense and the father is perceived as an obstacle; this gives rise to the Oedipus complexâ⬠[7]. Together with this comes what Freud termed ââ¬Ëcastration anxietyââ¬â¢. During this, boys fear that their father will take away their penis which categorizes them as male, as a consequence of this perceived rivalry over the love of the mother. To avoid this, boys r esolve their fears by imitating the fatherââ¬â¢s masculine traits and behaviours in the hope of one day attaining a sexual relationship with a similarly maternal woman. Girls, Freud argues, are subject to the phenomenon of penis envy, in which they come to blame their mother for their lack of male genitals, and subsequently shift their unconscious sexual desire from their mother to their father. Instead of an Oedipus complex, girls develop a similar complex, later labelled the Electra complex by Carl Jung, in which they experience rivalry with their mother over the attention of the father. Unlike the male, the female need for domination of a parent manifests as anger as oppose to anxiety. This anger leads the female child to fear the loss of her motherââ¬â¢s love as she begins to emulate her mother in the same way that the male child emulates his father. In relation to literary criticism, Freudââ¬â¢s theories of the Electra and Oedipus complexes can hold significant implica tions when applied to literary texts which feature a central parent-child relationship. What may appear as simple conflict over trivial matters may actually be a sign of an unconscious and unresolved Oedipus or Electra complex. A key example of this can be seen in Sylvia Plathââ¬â¢s poem Medusa[8]. From a Freudian perspective, the unnamed person to whom the speaker directs the poem can be interpreted as being the speakerââ¬â¢s mother. The poemââ¬â¢s tone seems caught between resentment of the mother and longing for the mother. She is clearly bitter towards her as she asserts that there ââ¬Å"is nothing between [them]â⬠and perhaps, as Freud might suggest, this is a result of lasting anger towards her mother over her unresolved penis envy and tension over desire for the father. This is further suggested as the speaker tells how her supposed mother is still ââ¬Å"paralyzing the kicking loversâ⬠, implying that in her eyes not only did her mother rob her of her fath erââ¬â¢s love, but is also destroying her relationship with her lover who serves as a replacement for her father. In light of Freudââ¬â¢s theory of the Electra complex, the meaning of the poem becomes one of maternal rivalry and an unresolved desire for possession of the father. In addition to a Freudian psychoanalysis of literary fictional characters, his theory can also be applied to writers themselves. According to Freud, literary texts are akin to dreams in the way that they exist as manifestations of the subconscious desires and anxieties of the dreamer or writer. Indeed, he suggested that literary texts should receive similar treatment to dreams in regards to the process of interpreting and understanding their content. This is outlined in detail in Freudââ¬â¢s text The Interpretation of Dreams[9] in which he proposes that dreams are a form of wish fulfilment of the mindââ¬â¢s repressed unconscious desires which seep through into awareness during sleep. According to Freudââ¬â¢s work, ââ¬Å"The interpretation of dreams is the royal road to a knowledge of the unconscious activities of the mindâ⬠[10]. He argued that a dream is a combination of recent events which have occurred in reality, together with the repressed content of the unconsciou s mind, which undergo the process of condensation to form one image or dream. From a Freudian perspective, literature and other works of art are similar in nature to dreams. This theory holds several implications for writers, as Freudian critics can attempt to analyse their own unconscious thoughts through the psychoanalysis of their work. Hank de Berg highlights this as he states that ââ¬Å"a psychoanalytic interpretation of literary texts and of the reactions to these texts can tell us a good deal about peopleââ¬â¢s unconscious wishes, about how they have or have not been able to fulfil these wishes, about their upbringing, and about their interaction with their social environmentâ⬠[11]. However, it is important to note that from a Freudian perspective, the projection of the authorââ¬â¢s psyche onto their literary text is completely unintentional. In other words, the writer is unaware not only that their subconscious desires and anxieties are being allowed to manifest in this way, but that they even exist at all. This again is much like the Freudian view of a dream, which contains both manifest and latent content. The latent content is the manifestation of the unconscious within the dream, while the manifest content is all that is remembered on waking. In conclusion, Freudââ¬â¢s theory as a school of literary criticism serves to uncover hidden meanings in narratives to delve into the unconscious of both the characters and the writer. Works of literature may appear on the surface to be products of rational thought and creativity. However, when studied from a Freudian viewpoint, they are seen as products of the subconscious desires and anxieties of the writer. What may appear to be a harmless event or description may actually be a window into the deeper and darker subconscious mind of the author. Similarly, Freudian criticism encourages us to engage in a similar analysis of the characters, stripping away appearances to find the unconscious roots of their actions and natures. These characters are often driven not only by their own unconscious, but by the manifest unconscious of their creator. Bibliography De Berg, Hank. Freudââ¬â¢s Theory and Its Use in Literary and Cultural Studies: An Introduction. New York: Camden House, 2004. Freud, Sigmund. The Ego and the ID. New York: Stellar Editions, [1923] 2014. Kindle edition. Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. London: Dead Dodo Vintage, [1899] 2013. Kindle edition. Freud, Sigmund. Totem and Taboo: Resemblances Between the Psychic Lives of Savages and Neurotics. London: Some Good Press, [1913] 2015. Kindle edition. Gillard, Garry. ââ¬Å"The Turn of the Screw and Psychoanalysisâ⬠. In Empowering Readers: Ten Approaches to Narrative, by Garry Gillard, 78-88. Kent Town: Wakefield Press, 2003. James, Henry. The Turn of the Screw. Tustin: Xist Classics, [1898] 2015. Kindle edition. Orr, Leonard. ââ¬Å"Reading The Turn of the Screwâ⬠. In Jamesââ¬â¢s The Turn of the Screw, by Leonard Orr, 29-64. New York: AC Black, 2009. Plath, Sylvia. ââ¬Å"Medusaâ⬠. In Ariel, by Sylvia Plath. London: Faber Faber Poetry, [1941] 2010. Kindle edition. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Mineola: Dover Publications, [429 BC] 2012. Kindle edition. [1] Sigmund Freud, Totem and Taboo: Resemblances Between the Psychic Lives of Savages and Neurotics (London: Some Good Press, [1913] 2015), Kindle edition. [2] Henry James, The Turn of the Screw (Tustin: Xist Classics, [1898] 2015), Kindle edition. [3] Leonard Orr, ââ¬Å"Reading The Turn of the Screwâ⬠, in Jamesââ¬â¢s The Turn of the Screw, by Leonard Orr (New York: AC Black, 2009), 39. [4] Garry Gillard, ââ¬Å"The Turn of the Screw and Psychoanalysisâ⬠, in Empowering Readers: Ten Approaches to Narrative, by Garry Gillard (Kent Town: Wakefield Press, 2003), 82. [5] James, The Turn of the Screw. [6] Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (Mineola: Dover Publications, [429 BC] 2012), Kindle edition. [7] Sigmund Freud, The Ego and the ID (New York: Stellar Editions, [1923] 2014), Kindle edition. [8] Sylvia Plath, ââ¬Å"Medusaâ⬠, in Ariel, by Sylvia Plath (London: Faber Faber Poetry, [1941] 2010), Kindle edition. [9] Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams (London: Dead Dodo Vi ntage, [1899] 2013), Kindle edition. [10] Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams. [11] Hank De Berg, Freudââ¬â¢s Theory and Its Use in Literary and Cultural Studies: An Introduction (New York: Camden House, 2004), 11.
Wednesday, May 20, 2020
Society in A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream by William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare uses his word craft and characters as outlets addressing social issues, race, class, and or gender. Through his plays, he emulates the real world and is able to manipulate his worlds to allow his audience to see everything from all sides. In A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream and discussed in ââ¬Å"Jack shall have Jill;/Nought shall go illâ⬠by Shirley Nelson Garner, in order for the world of men and patriarchal society and hierarchies to be secure and be well, the homoerotic relationships and relationships between women have to be subdued. Although A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream is a comedy, we can observe through important scenes what Shakespeare may imply when it comes to social issues, race, class, and or gender; in this case is the overpowering of women by men. Merchant in Venice is another play in which Shakespeare uses his characters to approach social issues of his time. Unlike A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream where the focus was more on gender, Merc hant of Venice brings up religion and class. He uses the conflict between Christians and Jews to portray the faults of both parties. Looking at A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream, there are a couple relationships we can see that Shakespeare creates and shows how homoeotic relationships and women to women relationships creates conflict with man and woman relationships or man and man relationships. Hermiaââ¬â¢s father, Egeus, arranged a marriage between Hermia and Demetrius. Shakespeare makes Egeus a representative of patriarchy. Hermia doesShow MoreRelatedFantasy vs. Reality in a Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1126 Words à |à 5 Pagesand Reality in A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream In A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream, Shakespeare easily blurs the lines of reality by inviting the audience into a dream. He seamlessly toys with the boundaries between fantasy and reality. Among the patterns within the play, one is controlled and ordered by a series of contrasts: the conflict of the sleeping and waking states, the interchange of reality and illusion, and the mirrored worlds of Fairy and Human. A Midsummer Nights Dream gives us insightRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words à |à 6 PagesAnalysis of the Three Most Important Texts Studied This Semester) Literature affects every aspect of our lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisementRead MoreEssay on Forbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream1157 Words à |à 5 PagesForbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream In his play A Midsummer Nights Dream, William Shakespeare explores the conflict of forbidden desire, as revealed through the experience of four young lovers dwelling in ancient Greece. Hermia and Lysander are two of these lovers, and their desire to marry one another is prohibited by Hermias father Egeus, and enforced by the governor of Athenian law-King Theseus. Hermia is informed that she may only agree to one of three undesirableRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream Research Paper (with Cited)1161 Words à |à 5 PagesThe play, A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare, is about four lovers and their dreamlike adventure through a fairy ruled forest. There are many different characters in this play and they each play their own individual role in how the play is performed and read. Three main characters that showed great characteristics are: Puck, Tom Bottom, and Helena. The play, A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare, uses characters and their conflicts to give meaning to this piece of literatureRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Rationality In A Midsummer Nights Dream1058 Words à |à 5 PagesWilliam Shakespeareââ¬â¢s A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream is not simply a light-hearted comedy; it is a study of the abstract. Shakespeare shows that the divide between the dream world and reality is inconstant and oftentimes indefinable. Meanwhile, he writes about the power of the intangible emotions, jealousy and desire, to send the natural and supernatural worlds into chaos. Love and desire are the driving forces of this playââ¬â¢s plot, leaving the different characters and social classes to sort out the resultingRead MoreEssay on Women in William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream780 Words à |à 4 PagesWomen in William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream, by William Shakespeare, is a play that illustrates a good picture of womanââ¬â¢s lack of freedom. It is a story of several couples, among which there is a fairy king, Oberon, who proves his sovereignty over the queen of the fairies, Titania. The two have an ongoing conflict about who should keep the Indian boy, whose mother had recently died. Titania doesnââ¬â¢t want to give him up because she and the boyââ¬â¢s mother knewRead MoreWillima Shakespeares, A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream: Unbalanced Love835 Words à |à 3 PagesThe course of love never did run smooth (Shakespeare I.i.134). William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s captivating, profound play illustrates the complications of four Atheniansââ¬â¢ love lives. Two lovers yearn to run away together to get married, but trouble sets in and their lives become more complex when magical fairies and a love potion get involved. The four Athenians have to battle their way through loveââ¬â¢s compli cations. The perplexing ââ¬Å"love square,â⬠mythical interference, and the endeavor to find equanimity areRead MoreEssay The Comedies of Bernard Shaw and William Shakespeare1018 Words à |à 5 Pagesassignment will critically analyse the comedies of William Shakespeare and Bernard Shaw and consider what characteristics they share and how they differ. It is also important to fully understand the genre of comedy, exploring its origins, definitions and sub-divisions. Literary comedy can be sub-divided into ââ¬ËBurlesqueââ¬â¢ (associated with the ridiculous), ââ¬ËComedy of Mannersââ¬â¢, ââ¬ËSatiricalââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËFarceââ¬â¢, amongst others (Stott, 2005). The comedies of Shakespeare and Shaw take the form of dramatic comedy andRead MoreThe Tempest by William Shakespeare1858 Words à |à 8 PagesWilliam Shakespeareââ¬â¢s The Tempest refines his portrayal of nature from the earlier play A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream. In A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream, nature is shown to be mysterious presence that blurs the lines between reality and illusion; it is a magical force that is unreachable and incomprehensible for human beings. A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream gives nature a mischievous, playful, dreamlike feel because in this play nature interferes for the sake of love. The Tempest breaks down the barrier that dividesRead MoreEssay on A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream: The Variations of Love900 Words à |à 4 PagesLove is only as strong as the people who share it. In William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play, A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream, there are relationships from all different viewpoints of love. Four Athenian lovers are caught in a web of love for the wrong person, according to fellow peevish characters. Along the story line of the play, one will be introduced to additional characters that try to be helpful by committing acts they presume will benefit the young lovers, but these characters actually create plot-twists.
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Analysis Of Anne Bradstreet s Poetry - 1075 Words
Anne Bradstreet, a well-educated woman, strong in her Puritan beliefs, captured her thoughts by writing poetry, which included works such as ââ¬Å"Contemplationsâ⬠which was preceded by ââ¬Å"The Prologueâ⬠. Written in the mid 1600ââ¬â¢s as the colonies were beginning to form, Bradstreetââ¬â¢s poem included themes of religion, nature, and family. Although she claims to have written them without the intent of publication, a collection of her poetry was printed in 1650. She identifies her struggles with faith, yet writes from the view of a faithful woman who recognizes the superior role of men in her society. Although appearing to be modest and undermining her talents, it seems evident that Bradstreet was, in reality, confident that as a well educated women she was capable of writing just as well as a man. Although it is claimed that Anne Bradstreet did not intend for her writing to be published, her poetry utilizes a feminist tone and theme of higher education conve ying her hidden desires to prove herself as a female author. In her poems, Anne Bradstreet recognizes the concept of male superiority during the Puritan times, although she contradicts herself in her poems with a feminist undertone to highlight the capabilities of women. ââ¬Å"If what I do prove well, it wonââ¬â¢t advanceâ⬠(111). Bradstreet makes a point to mention that she is fully aware that, due to her gender, she would not be taken seriously as an author. This quote appears to have a challenging tone. Bradstreet is disappointed that herShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Anne Bradstreet s Poetry Essay2677 Words à |à 11 Pageswife and mother, much of Anne Bradstreetââ¬â¢s poetry appears to be quite conventional. The themes of her poetry range from religious matters to musings on motherhood to love letters to her husband, which correspond with the social and cultural expectations for a woman in her time. However, there are moments in her poetry in which she argues in defence of women, and appears to seek some recognition for her work which is a far less traditional stance. While Bradstreetââ¬â¢s poetry in many ways appears to beRead More`` Contemplations `` By Anne Bradstreet Essay1462 Words à |à 6 Pagesevident in the poem ââ¬Å"Contemplationsâ⬠by Anne Bradstreet. In order to fully understand how Bradstreet foreshadowed later themes in ââ¬Å"Contemplationsâ⬠, the context of the Colonial time must be examined, along with famed works from the Transcendental period. For starters, Anne Bradstreet was fathered by a man named Thomas Dudley. Dudley was the ââ¬Å"manager of the country estate of the Puritan Earl of Lincolnâ⬠. At the tender age of sixteen, Anne met Simon Bradstreet, a man who shared the same Puritan idealsRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Anne Bradstreet s The Prologue Essay2567 Words à |à 11 Pagesneedle better fitsâ⬠: A Literary Analysis Reading of Anne Bradstreetââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å" The Prologue Does gender explain the importance of a poet? Gender is just the state of being male or female. When it comes to gender no gender is superior than the other. Some individuals would imagine a poet becoming important by them excelling intellectually, being able to write about the things one could relate to, and sometimes being that voice for those who cannot be heard. Anne Bradstreet, an early American poet, takesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Phillis Wheatley 1037 Words à |à 5 PagesChandler Helmers Mr. Campbell English 3 Honors 10/12/14 An Analysis on the work of Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley is a Gambian born African American poet. She was bought off of the slave trade by the Wheatley family from Boston. Her love of writing was influenced by the reassurance of the Wheatley family who taught her how to read and write. The family encouraged her poetry and helped develop her literature skills. Phillis is known for becoming the first published African American poet. ManyRead MoreElements of English Lit ; Contrast Compare Two Stories and Poem2705 Words à |à 11 Pagesand the conflicts that keep the readerââ¬â¢s interest. Many readers are only interested in certain types of literature or certain authors. This study is based on an analysis of one poem, and two short stories, ââ¬Å"A Rose for Emilyâ⬠by William Faulkner, ââ¬Å"A Story of an Hourâ⬠by Kate Chopin, and ââ¬Å"To My Dear and Loving Husbandâ⬠by Anne Bradstreet. Both the short stories and poem show some similarities and differences in their settings, characters, and confli cts. I will examine how the authors have madeRead MoreHow to Write a Research Paper11497 Words à |à 46 Pagestopic: Benjamin Franklin s political life Evaluative paper topic: The effect of Benjamin Franklin s writing style upon his career 3. Working Bibliography The first step in researching a topic is to compile a working bibliography of potential sources of information, both primary and secondary. The subject area of a research paper determines, in part, the nature of the source materials. If you have been asked, for example, to analyze the poetry of Anne Bradstreet in relation to the accepted
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Essay about Gender Differences in Sports - 2280 Words
Perfectionism has been defined as a belief; it is something that sociologically and by definition is unattainable. People strive to be perfect everyday and come to believe that any work that is anything less than perfect is unacceptable. Frost, Marten, Lahart, and Rosenblate (1990) define perfectionism as the setting of excessively high standards of performance in conjunction with a tendency to make overly critical self-evaluations. According to psychologist Don E. Hamachek perfectionism is considered on some levels as an unhealthy compulsive behavior. Perfectionism is also considered a stable pattern of thinking and behavior that changes relatively little over time. This has contributed to the designation of perfectionism as a positiveâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Maladaptive perfectionism, on the other hand, describes the tendency to set excessively high standards, be overly self-critical, and be extensively influenced by the approval of significant others, such as parents, teache rs, and sports coaches. It is important for us to determine the forms of maladaptive perfectionism because it has been understudied throughout the years due to the psychological aspects of the study. Individuals who are characterized as maladaptive perfectionists tend to exhibit exaggerated expectations, have a high fear of failure, and are less capable of coping reasonably with challenging situations. Maladaptive perfectionists can also be associated with causing depression, intense worry, persistent self-doubt, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Combinations of behaviors and personalities of maladaptive perfectionistsââ¬â¢ athletes resulted in their physical and mental burn out. It is not surprising that perfectionism has been traditionally perceived as negative, or also referred to as undesirable, abnormal, neurotic, maladaptive or dysfunctional (Anshel Mansouri, 2005; Blatt, 1995; Hamachek, 1978; Suddarth Slaney, 2001; Terry-Short, Owens, Slade, 1995). Maladaptive perfect ionism is instrumental in a variety of psychopathologies and adjustment problems (Flett, Sawatzsy, Hewitt, 1995). Some of these problems have hadShow MoreRelatedGender Differences In A Market With Relative Performance Feedback Analysis1014 Words à |à 5 PagesWozniak, David. Gender Differences in a Market with Relative Performance Feedback: Professional Tennis Players. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization, vol. 83, no. 1, June 2012, pp. 158-171. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2011.06.020. ââ¬Å"Gender differences in a market with relative performance feedback: Professional tennis playersâ⬠by David Wozniak makes the argument that with new research and analytics, women tend to be less competitive than men, shown through professional tennis playersRead MoreThe Ways Gender Difference Is A Basis For Inequality974 Words à |à 4 Pagesways gender difference is a basis for inequality in contemporary society? Gender refers to the socially constructed categories of feminine and masculine. It is one of the major factors in social difference and inequality in todayââ¬â¢s society. Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles. Using a paragraph based approach I intend to individually analyse various aspects of gender differencesRead MoreSocial Inequality : A Part Of Sports1080 Words à |à 5 PagesThesis: Social inequality is a part of many issues other than sports, but it is a part of sports to do several issues such as gender roles, salary and stereotypes. The Significance: The significance of this topic of inequality in sports is that it does not just occur in sports. It happens all around us, you see social inequality happening at work places, schools, restaurants and many other places. Many people donââ¬â¢t see if because they donââ¬â¢t know what it is. Population: Many people think it onlyRead MoreGender Inequality : Sports And Women s Professional Level Of Sport1469 Words à |à 6 PagesGender Inequality in Sports Across the world, society holds men and women to different standards. There are precise gender roles and stereotypes that are well established. In the western world, women are supposed to be nurturers, cleaners, and the chef. Whereas men are perceived as strong, independent, and athletic. When these social norms are broken, it is not uncommon for specific labels to be given, such as being called a lesbian. Over the past few centuries, these stereotypes and gender rolesRead MoreThe Psychological Differences between Men and Women in Sports1565 Words à |à 7 Pagesways. Some of these differences include competitiveness, goal orientation, self-confidence, motivation, mental toughness, incentives, preferences, etc. According to Anne Bowker in Sports Participation and Self-Esteem, Men have an advantage over women in sports because theyre more aggressive and have higher self-esteem (2003). There has always been that stereotype of boys being more athletic than girls. 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An example is given by Adams and Pamela (2003) who have postulated that cheerleading gives an opportunity for participants to reconstruct femininity in a way not to challenge the dominant ideas of the roles and expectations. This they did, by adjusting themselves to suit the evolving ideas of what it means to be a woman in the societal or cultural context. Also, there has been
Crime and Unemployment - 2360 Words
Crime and Unemployment A Study of Social and Economic Factors that Influence the rise and fall of Criminal Behavior in the United States. By: Elizabeth Bruce Natasha Espinosa Derrick Phillips Contents Introduction 3 Hypotheses 5 Methodology 5 Data Data Collection 6 Analysis 8 Summary Conclusion 9 Introduction Crime and its causes, have been studied the world over. In particular, there have been noted studies on the cost and benefit of crime, state of the economy and crime, and unemployment and wages and crime (Jones and Kutan). Some researchers have found relationships between unemployment and crime, while others have not. However, a more controversial issue is the explicitâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The overall decline in the labor market prospects of less educated men is clearly shown by their wages. The data plainly shows that the propensity to commit crime moved inversely to the trends in the labor market conditions for unskilled men. These trends seems to be related, particularly since young unskilled men are the most likely to commit crime. The objective of this paper is to visit the issue of whether unemployment, graduation rate, divorce rate, poverty rate, population, and median income have causal effects on various categories of economic and anti-social crime. For this purpose, we analyze crime data from 44 US States and the District of Columbia. We estimate the relationship between several crime categories and the independent variables. The most important independent variables are: median income, unemployment rate, divorce rate, poverty rate, population, and graduation rate. The study of how graduation rate is related to crime is interesting because it could also be a factor in unemployment and median income. This could be due to fewer job opportunities as most skilled trades require at least a diploma. Unskilled laborers also tend to make less money and are more expendable and easily replaced. 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With poverty rates edging higher this is even more important in our modern day. The unemployment rate is one of the key indicators of the health of our economy. The standard of living for most people falls greatly once they have reached the poverty rate, which makes people live nervously, frantically, and gives greater incentive for them to commitRead MoreThe Unemployment And Crime Rate Of Detroit1285 Words à |à 6 Pagesbill. Detroit also has the highest murder and violent crime rate of any major city in the country. FBI statistics shows that Detroit logged in 316 murders and non-negligent manslaughter last year, with a rate of 45 per 100,000 people. Thatââ¬â¢s the highest of U.S. cities with more than 200,000 residents and 10 times with national rates. The City also has 14,500 total violent crimes since 2013, and the stats are still going up. 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According to the crime data analysis, the crime rate in Cincinnati was much higher than the U.S. average from 2000 to 2012 (http://www.city-data.com/crime/). With such higher crime rates, it not only causes bad impacts on local residentsââ¬â¢ lives, but also reduces the population of Cincinnatiââ¬âpeople are tending to move out of Cincinnati. To know why and what causes theRead MoreYouth Unemployment in Nigeria1200 Words à |à 5 PagesYouth Unemployment in Nigeria INTRODUCTION Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the eighth most populous country in the world with a population of 154, 729,000 citizens. Our nominal GDP is $207. 116 billion and we have a nominal per capita income of $1, 4011. Nigeria also has the second largest economy in Africa. If I may ask, is this country not blessed? Yet, it is still plagued by youth unemployment which had been one of our major problems in recent years. 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Minimum Wage Essay Thesis Example For Students
Minimum Wage Essay Thesis Outline1 Introduction2 Advantages of minimum wage3 Disadvantages of minimum wage4 Conclusion Introduction What is a minimum wage? There is hardly an adult person who hasnââ¬â¢t met this word construction in his life. To be honest, it is an issue that hooks the attention of citizens in any country. It has become one of the most popular topics, and changes in its sphere is always followed by sharp peopleââ¬â¢s discussion. To give a proper definition, the minimum wage is the lowest payment that workers can get instead of their labor. It is defined by the official institutes and is legally protected. It is extremely important to avoid injustice in receiving money from organizations. The formation of minimum wage amount depends on many things. It strongly tights to the current national economic condition of the country and is impacted by the overall level of life in it. In the countries that we used to name well-developed, the minimum wage will be considerably more essential than in those with unstable economics. Advantages of minimum wage There are lots of persuasive arguments that claim the pros of minimum wage and proves the reasons why it should be strongly defined. Guarantee of government protection for workers Minimum wage is a strong guarantee that protects common individuals from injustice. Without this protection, employees would not receive proper payment for their labor. The way people earn for a living requires selling their goods and services to others. The one who bought has the right to define the payment and may offer too cheap prices. But now, he/she could not give less than the defined base. Diminish the occasions of poverty Another thesis that was suggested to prove the advantages of the minimum wage is that it positively influences the process of poverty disappearance. Individuals are not guaranteed to become rich, but they monthly receive a refund that enables them to use goods and services provided by others easily. Their payment always covers their general everyday needs, and they can provide themselves with a comfortable living. Raising productivity It is officially proved that the minimum wage will increase the productivity of the company workers. There is a well-known correlation that exists in any area: the bigger the award is, the better and harder the staff is struggling to get it. The growth of the measure of minimum wage definitely forces people to work more as they feel that their forces are correspondingly compensated. The increase of stimulus to find a job It is not a secret that unemployment is a big problem for lots of countries. There are so many citizens that could not sell their services and live without a constant job. They are constantly looking for a job on the market and are not satisfied with the payment they get. A considerable amount of minimum wage will be a stimulus to find a job for them. They will definitely know that will receive repayment for their activity. Lower government spending Another statement claims that minimum wage will considerably lower spending that government annually does. Such money use is focused on protecting people without a job who could not come to the market and find a proper way to provide their living. Social programs that give a fund help for people to support them in fulfilling of their daily requests will considerably lessen the annual amount of money. Minimum wage serves as a guarantee that citizens will get the needed payment to cover their needs. Extend consumption Another positive effect that minimum wage does regarding to the general consumption in the country. It could be easily explained by the fact that the staff obtains monthly a significant amount of money that enables them not only to fulfill their needs but also to spend them for pleasure. Visiting of theaters or cinemas becomes more often, and the same thing is about shopping. .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .postImageUrl , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:visited , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:active { border:0!important; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:active , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: RwandaGenocide or Civil War EssayDisadvantages of minimum wage The opposite side, though, gives arguments that prove the shortage of the minimum wage. The minimum wage will increase unemployment One of the most popular opposite statements claims that the minimum wage will increase the occasions of unemployment in the country. This argument has its rights for existence as the companies considerably lessen the number of staff due to the appearing of the minimum wage. The companies have not privileged from extra supplying of activity. They think about their competitiveness and high the price of their services while lessening the list of vacation. Raise of inflation Another argumentative statement provides the fact that the minimum wage is one of the most influential factors of the rapid inflation in the country. The well-defined amount of money that people are supposed to get monthly is usually followed by the rise in prices. It is how business works: they are aware of the grant of minimum wage and know that individuals can now spend more money. Taking this fact into consideration, they increase the prices for the goods people will probably buy. The growth of the investment cost Another disadvantage of defining the minimum wage will refer to the significant enlargement of the cost of investment. Not every company is ready for this unexpected step, and it is the issue of their existence. The minimum wage means the organization should pay more to the staff and it eventually impacts the growing investment. After all, they are forced to raise the prices for products to balance the situation. Conclusion Minimum wage is the lowest fund of money that the government demands to pay for people who sell their services to others. It is usually seen as the market bottom for wage employers defines for their staff. There are arguments whether establishing the minimum wage in the country is a good choice or it causes more problems. Both sides have various argumentative statements that prove their rightness. I accept the fact that minimum wage will increase such negative aspects as unemployment and cause difficulties for companies by the growth of the cost of investment. However, I reckon that the minimum wage has considerable advantages and should be obligatorily protected by the official establishments. It is the only one meaningful guarantee for citizens to get a correspondent repayment for their labor.
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