Society in A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare uses his word craft and characters as outlets addressing social issues, race, class, and or gender. Through his plays, he emulates the real world and is able to manipulate his worlds to allow his audience to see everything from all sides. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream and discussed in â€Å"Jack shall have Jill;/Nought shall go ill† by Shirley Nelson Garner, in order for the world of men and patriarchal society and hierarchies to be secure and be well, the homoerotic relationships and relationships between women have to be subdued. Although A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a comedy, we can observe through important scenes what Shakespeare may imply when it comes to social issues, race, class, and or gender; in this case is the overpowering of women by men. Merchant in Venice is another play in which Shakespeare uses his characters to approach social issues of his time. Unlike A Midsummer Night’s Dream where the focus was more on gender, Merc hant of Venice brings up religion and class. He uses the conflict between Christians and Jews to portray the faults of both parties. Looking at A Midsummer Night’s Dream, there are a couple relationships we can see that Shakespeare creates and shows how homoeotic relationships and women to women relationships creates conflict with man and woman relationships or man and man relationships. Hermia’s father, Egeus, arranged a marriage between Hermia and Demetrius. Shakespeare makes Egeus a representative of patriarchy. Hermia doesShow MoreRelatedFantasy vs. Reality in a Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesand Reality in A Midsummer Night’s Dream In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare easily blurs the lines of reality by inviting the audience into a dream. He seamlessly toys with the boundaries between fantasy and reality. Among the patterns within the play, one is controlled and ordered by a series of contrasts: the conflict of the sleeping and waking states, the interchange of reality and illusion, and the mirrored worlds of Fairy and Human. A Midsummer Nights Dream gives us insightRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1279 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of the Three Most Important Texts Studied This Semester) Literature affects every aspect of our lives. The great, classic writers teach timeless, valuable life skills. Shakespeare was the greatest writer of all time. His writings mainly consisted of dramas and sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, as well as, A MIdsummer Night’s Dream were written about the same time period. He was able to inter relate everything that wrote. For example, the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe could possibly be an advertisementRead MoreEssay on Forbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream1157 Words   |  5 PagesForbidden Desire in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream In his play A Midsummer Nights Dream, William Shakespeare explores the conflict of forbidden desire, as revealed through the experience of four young lovers dwelling in ancient Greece. Hermia and Lysander are two of these lovers, and their desire to marry one another is prohibited by Hermias father Egeus, and enforced by the governor of Athenian law-King Theseus. Hermia is informed that she may only agree to one of three undesirableRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream Research Paper (with Cited)1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe play, A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare, is about four lovers and their dreamlike adventure through a fairy ruled forest. There are many different characters in this play and they each play their own individual role in how the play is performed and read. Three main characters that showed great characteristics are: Puck, Tom Bottom, and Helena. The play, A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare, uses characters and their conflicts to give meaning to this piece of literatureRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Rationality In A Midsummer Nights Dream1058 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream is not simply a light-hearted comedy; it is a study of the abstract. Shakespeare shows that the divide between the dream world and reality is inconstant and oftentimes indefinable. Meanwhile, he writes about the power of the intangible emotions, jealousy and desire, to send the natural and supernatural worlds into chaos. Love and desire are the driving forces of this play’s plot, leaving the different characters and social classes to sort out the resultingRead MoreEssay on Women in William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream780 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream A Midsummer Night’s Dream, by William Shakespeare, is a play that illustrates a good picture of woman’s lack of freedom. It is a story of several couples, among which there is a fairy king, Oberon, who proves his sovereignty over the queen of the fairies, Titania. The two have an ongoing conflict about who should keep the Indian boy, whose mother had recently died. Titania doesn’t want to give him up because she and the boy’s mother knewRead MoreWillima Shakespeares, A Midsummer Night’s Dream: Unbalanced Love835 Words   |  3 PagesThe course of love never did run smooth (Shakespeare I.i.134). William Shakespeare’s captivating, profound play illustrates the complications of four Athenians’ love lives. Two lovers yearn to run away together to get married, but trouble sets in and their lives become more complex when magical fairies and a love potion get involved. The four Athenians have to battle their way through love’s compli cations. The perplexing â€Å"love square,† mythical interference, and the endeavor to find equanimity areRead MoreEssay The Comedies of Bernard Shaw and William Shakespeare1018 Words   |  5 Pagesassignment will critically analyse the comedies of William Shakespeare and Bernard Shaw and consider what characteristics they share and how they differ. It is also important to fully understand the genre of comedy, exploring its origins, definitions and sub-divisions. Literary comedy can be sub-divided into ‘Burlesque’ (associated with the ridiculous), ‘Comedy of Manners’, ‘Satirical’ and ‘Farce’, amongst others (Stott, 2005). The comedies of Shakespeare and Shaw take the form of dramatic comedy andRead MoreThe Tempest by William Shakespeare1858 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s The Tempest refines his portrayal of nature from the earlier play A Midsummer Night’s Dream. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream, nature is shown to be mysterious presence that blurs the lines between reality and illusion; it is a magical force that is unreachable and incomprehensible for human beings. A Midsummer Night’s Dream gives nature a mischievous, playful, dreamlike feel because in this play nature interferes for the sake of love. The Tempest breaks down the barrier that dividesRead MoreEssay on A Midsummer Night’s Dream: The Variations of Love900 Words   |  4 PagesLove is only as strong as the people who share it. In William Shakespeare’s play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, there are relationships from all different viewpoints of love. Four Athenian lovers are caught in a web of love for the wrong person, according to fellow peevish characters. Along the story line of the play, one will be introduced to additional characters that try to be helpful by committing acts they presume will benefit the young lovers, but these characters actually create plot-twists.

Analysis Of Anne Bradstreet s Poetry - 1075 Words

Anne Bradstreet, a well-educated woman, strong in her Puritan beliefs, captured her thoughts by writing poetry, which included works such as â€Å"Contemplations† which was preceded by â€Å"The Prologue†. Written in the mid 1600’s as the colonies were beginning to form, Bradstreet’s poem included themes of religion, nature, and family. Although she claims to have written them without the intent of publication, a collection of her poetry was printed in 1650. She identifies her struggles with faith, yet writes from the view of a faithful woman who recognizes the superior role of men in her society. Although appearing to be modest and undermining her talents, it seems evident that Bradstreet was, in reality, confident that as a well educated women she was capable of writing just as well as a man. Although it is claimed that Anne Bradstreet did not intend for her writing to be published, her poetry utilizes a feminist tone and theme of higher education conve ying her hidden desires to prove herself as a female author. In her poems, Anne Bradstreet recognizes the concept of male superiority during the Puritan times, although she contradicts herself in her poems with a feminist undertone to highlight the capabilities of women. â€Å"If what I do prove well, it won’t advance† (111). Bradstreet makes a point to mention that she is fully aware that, due to her gender, she would not be taken seriously as an author. This quote appears to have a challenging tone. Bradstreet is disappointed that herShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Anne Bradstreet s Poetry Essay2677 Words   |  11 Pageswife and mother, much of Anne Bradstreet’s poetry appears to be quite conventional. The themes of her poetry range from religious matters to musings on motherhood to love letters to her husband, which correspond with the social and cultural expectations for a woman in her time. However, there are moments in her poetry in which she argues in defence of women, and appears to seek some recognition for her work which is a far less traditional stance. While Bradstreet’s poetry in many ways appears to beRead More`` Contemplations `` By Anne Bradstreet Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pagesevident in the poem â€Å"Contemplations† by Anne Bradstreet. In order to fully understand how Bradstreet foreshadowed later themes in â€Å"Contemplations†, the context of the Colonial time must be examined, along with famed works from the Transcendental period. For starters, Anne Bradstreet was fathered by a man named Thomas Dudley. Dudley was the â€Å"manager of the country estate of the Puritan Earl of Lincoln†. At the tender age of sixteen, Anne met Simon Bradstreet, a man who shared the same Puritan idealsRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Anne Bradstreet s The Prologue Essay2567 Words   |  11 Pagesneedle better fits†: A Literary Analysis Reading of Anne Bradstreet’s â€Å" The Prologue Does gender explain the importance of a poet? Gender is just the state of being male or female. When it comes to gender no gender is superior than the other. Some individuals would imagine a poet becoming important by them excelling intellectually, being able to write about the things one could relate to, and sometimes being that voice for those who cannot be heard. Anne Bradstreet, an early American poet, takesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Phillis Wheatley 1037 Words   |  5 PagesChandler Helmers Mr. Campbell English 3 Honors 10/12/14 An Analysis on the work of Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley is a Gambian born African American poet. She was bought off of the slave trade by the Wheatley family from Boston. Her love of writing was influenced by the reassurance of the Wheatley family who taught her how to read and write. The family encouraged her poetry and helped develop her literature skills. Phillis is known for becoming the first published African American poet. ManyRead MoreElements of English Lit ; Contrast Compare Two Stories and Poem2705 Words   |  11 Pagesand the conflicts that keep the reader’s interest. Many readers are only interested in certain types of literature or certain authors. This study is based on an analysis of one poem, and two short stories, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, â€Å"A Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, and â€Å"To My Dear and Loving Husband† by Anne Bradstreet. Both the short stories and poem show some similarities and differences in their settings, characters, and confli cts. I will examine how the authors have madeRead MoreHow to Write a Research Paper11497 Words   |  46 Pagestopic: Benjamin Franklin s political life Evaluative paper topic: The effect of Benjamin Franklin s writing style upon his career 3. Working Bibliography The first step in researching a topic is to compile a working bibliography of potential sources of information, both primary and secondary. The subject area of a research paper determines, in part, the nature of the source materials. If you have been asked, for example, to analyze the poetry of Anne Bradstreet in relation to the accepted

Essay about Gender Differences in Sports - 2280 Words

Perfectionism has been defined as a belief; it is something that sociologically and by definition is unattainable. People strive to be perfect everyday and come to believe that any work that is anything less than perfect is unacceptable. Frost, Marten, Lahart, and Rosenblate (1990) define perfectionism as the setting of excessively high standards of performance in conjunction with a tendency to make overly critical self-evaluations. According to psychologist Don E. Hamachek perfectionism is considered on some levels as an unhealthy compulsive behavior. Perfectionism is also considered a stable pattern of thinking and behavior that changes relatively little over time. This has contributed to the designation of perfectionism as a positive†¦show more content†¦Maladaptive perfectionism, on the other hand, describes the tendency to set excessively high standards, be overly self-critical, and be extensively influenced by the approval of significant others, such as parents, teache rs, and sports coaches. It is important for us to determine the forms of maladaptive perfectionism because it has been understudied throughout the years due to the psychological aspects of the study. Individuals who are characterized as maladaptive perfectionists tend to exhibit exaggerated expectations, have a high fear of failure, and are less capable of coping reasonably with challenging situations. Maladaptive perfectionists can also be associated with causing depression, intense worry, persistent self-doubt, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Combinations of behaviors and personalities of maladaptive perfectionists’ athletes resulted in their physical and mental burn out. It is not surprising that perfectionism has been traditionally perceived as negative, or also referred to as undesirable, abnormal, neurotic, maladaptive or dysfunctional (Anshel Mansouri, 2005; Blatt, 1995; Hamachek, 1978; Suddarth Slaney, 2001; Terry-Short, Owens, Slade, 1995). Maladaptive perfect ionism is instrumental in a variety of psychopathologies and adjustment problems (Flett, Sawatzsy, Hewitt, 1995). Some of these problems have hadShow MoreRelatedGender Differences In A Market With Relative Performance Feedback Analysis1014 Words   |  5 PagesWozniak, David. Gender Differences in a Market with Relative Performance Feedback: Professional Tennis Players. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization, vol. 83, no. 1, June 2012, pp. 158-171. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2011.06.020. â€Å"Gender differences in a market with relative performance feedback: Professional tennis players† by David Wozniak makes the argument that with new research and analytics, women tend to be less competitive than men, shown through professional tennis playersRead MoreThe Ways Gender Difference Is A Basis For Inequality974 Words   |  4 Pagesways gender difference is a basis for inequality in contemporary society? Gender refers to the socially constructed categories of feminine and masculine. It is one of the major factors in social difference and inequality in today’s society. Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles. Using a paragraph based approach I intend to individually analyse various aspects of gender differencesRead MoreSocial Inequality : A Part Of Sports1080 Words   |  5 PagesThesis: Social inequality is a part of many issues other than sports, but it is a part of sports to do several issues such as gender roles, salary and stereotypes. The Significance: The significance of this topic of inequality in sports is that it does not just occur in sports. It happens all around us, you see social inequality happening at work places, schools, restaurants and many other places. Many people don’t see if because they don’t know what it is. Population: Many people think it onlyRead MoreGender Inequality : Sports And Women s Professional Level Of Sport1469 Words   |  6 PagesGender Inequality in Sports Across the world, society holds men and women to different standards. There are precise gender roles and stereotypes that are well established. In the western world, women are supposed to be nurturers, cleaners, and the chef. Whereas men are perceived as strong, independent, and athletic. When these social norms are broken, it is not uncommon for specific labels to be given, such as being called a lesbian. Over the past few centuries, these stereotypes and gender rolesRead MoreThe Psychological Differences between Men and Women in Sports1565 Words   |  7 Pagesways. Some of these differences include competitiveness, goal orientation, self-confidence, motivation, mental toughness, incentives, preferences, etc. According to Anne Bowker in Sports Participation and Self-Esteem, Men have an advantage over women in sports because theyre more aggressive and have higher self-esteem (2003). There has always been that stereotype of boys being more athletic than girls. The gender segregation of sports reflects more than just physical differences between men and womenRead MoreGender Portrayal Of Rock Climbing Essay1722 Words   |  7 Pageshow gender is portrayed in rock climbing. I would like to find out if genders are sexualized, objectified or shown differently. I would also like to see if there is any transgender or transsexual representation in the sport of rock climbing. Transgender is an umbrella term for a range of people who do not fit into normative constructions of sex and gender (Ravelli, Webber, 2016), and a transsexual person is someone who undergoes sex reassignment (Ravelli, Webber, 2016). I am defining gender as: socialRead MoreComparing Basketball And The Basketball Association826 Words   |  4 PagesBasketball is one of the most popular sports played and watched nationwide and global. Shooting, dribbling, crossing someone up, and even dunking has cau ght the eye of many people around the world. Many basketball players start at young age playing at a local recreation or YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association) to build their skills and IQ of the game. This sport also consists of two genders: male and female. One of the top associations in American sports today is The National Basketball AssociationRead More How the Introduction of the Individual into a Non-traditional Sport for His or Her Gender Affects t1429 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Individual into a Non-traditional Sport for His or Her Gender Affects that Individual and the Sport Itself A high school age boy makes the papers when he joins the girls varsity field hockey team at his high school. A woman is judged according to femininity rather than muscle mass in a body building competition. An African American is thought inferior to his white counterparts on the sports field. A woman is discouraged from playing contact sports under the pretext of being too delicateRead MoreGender Inequality And The Social Construction Of Gender1562 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed how the differences in the social construction of gender, race, class, and sexuality have led to discrimination and inequality of those classified under a variety of these categories. Through understanding the significance of these social constructs on society it becomes apparent the intersectionality they have when it comes to understanding why certain groups may face discrimination or inequality. This paper examines gender inequality and how the social construction of gender makes it difficultRead MoreThe International Women s Media Foundation1500 Words   |  6 PagesCOPING SKILLS Due to the interest participants had in participating in sports, they found a way of coping with stereotypes. An example is given by Adams and Pamela (2003) who have postulated that cheerleading gives an opportunity for participants to reconstruct femininity in a way not to challenge the dominant ideas of the roles and expectations. This they did, by adjusting themselves to suit the evolving ideas of what it means to be a woman in the societal or cultural context. Also, there has been

Crime and Unemployment - 2360 Words

Crime and Unemployment A Study of Social and Economic Factors that Influence the rise and fall of Criminal Behavior in the United States. By: Elizabeth Bruce Natasha Espinosa Derrick Phillips Contents Introduction 3 Hypotheses 5 Methodology 5 Data Data Collection 6 Analysis 8 Summary Conclusion 9 Introduction Crime and its causes, have been studied the world over. In particular, there have been noted studies on the cost and benefit of crime, state of the economy and crime, and unemployment and wages and crime (Jones and Kutan). Some researchers have found relationships between unemployment and crime, while others have not. However, a more controversial issue is the explicit†¦show more content†¦The overall decline in the labor market prospects of less educated men is clearly shown by their wages. The data plainly shows that the propensity to commit crime moved inversely to the trends in the labor market conditions for unskilled men. These trends seems to be related, particularly since young unskilled men are the most likely to commit crime. The objective of this paper is to visit the issue of whether unemployment, graduation rate, divorce rate, poverty rate, population, and median income have causal effects on various categories of economic and anti-social crime. For this purpose, we analyze crime data from 44 US States and the District of Columbia. We estimate the relationship between several crime categories and the independent variables. The most important independent variables are: median income, unemployment rate, divorce rate, poverty rate, population, and graduation rate. The study of how graduation rate is related to crime is interesting because it could also be a factor in unemployment and median income. This could be due to fewer job opportunities as most skilled trades require at least a diploma. Unskilled laborers also tend to make less money and are more expendable and easily replaced. Similarly, unemployment could be a factor in poverty, while graduation and poverty could have a mutual influence on each other. Therefore, it is importantShow MoreRelatedYouth Unemployment and Crime2379 Words   |  10 PagesThe causes and consequences of youth unemployment in Australia has been of particular concern within both government and private sectors for many years. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 10.9% of the total 15-24 age population was unemployed in September, 1995. This figure climbed to 15.3% in September, 2003. This evidence gives cause to the growing concern surrounding the increase in youth unemployment. For sizeable numbers of youth, its not going to get any easier to findRead MoreThe Effects Of Unemployment On Crime Rates1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Unemployment on Crime Rates Introduction Crime and poverty often seem to go hand in hand in the modern world, or so is the perception. With poverty rates edging higher this is even more important in our modern day. The unemployment rate is one of the key indicators of the health of our economy. The standard of living for most people falls greatly once they have reached the poverty rate, which makes people live nervously, frantically, and gives greater incentive for them to commitRead MoreThe Unemployment And Crime Rate Of Detroit1285 Words   |  6 Pagesbill. Detroit also has the highest murder and violent crime rate of any major city in the country. FBI statistics shows that Detroit logged in 316 murders and non-negligent manslaughter last year, with a rate of 45 per 100,000 people. That’s the highest of U.S. cities with more than 200,000 residents and 10 times with national rates. The City also has 14,500 total violent crimes since 2013, and the stats are still going up. The poverty and crime rate in Detroit is destroying families, at the sameRead MoreEssay on The Relationship between Unemployment and Crime590 Words   |  3 Pagesof the economic health such as the unemployment rate and home foreclosures have reached their worst records in decades over the last several months. Given the state of the financial crisis law enforcement agencies have warned of increased criminal activity. Despite the economic turmoil and high levels of unemployment, crime rates have fallen significantly across the United States. The U.S. Department of Labor (2011) reported the national average of unemployment for 2008 was 5.8 percent. The rateRead MoreRelationship Between Unemployment and Crime Rate Among Youth in Nigeria1764 Words   |  8 Pagesto wallow in abject poverty, while more than 50 percent live on less than US$2 per day. Couple with this, is dilapidated infrastructure (especially roads and power supply) that has led to the collapse of many industries, including high level of unemployment. Moreover, macroeconomic indicators like balance of payments, import obligations, inflation rate, exchange rate, and national savings reveal that Nigeria has not fared well in the last couple of years. Given the issues raised above, this researchRead MoreA Brief Note On The State Of Virginia Department Of The Labor Bureau Of Labor Statistics Website1066 Words   |  5 Pages ECON 360 Semester Project Paper Xiaofei Zhang Data The dataset is obtained from the Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics website. The data contains the unemployment rate in scope of individuals years from 1995 to 2000. Information on reported crime rates was obtained from FBI website as well as from the Geospatial and Statistical Data Center of the state of Virginia. Measures of age distributions was retrieved from the county-level census files of StateRead MoreDifferent Types Of Rental Expense1175 Words   |  5 Pagesassessed value of property such as street cleaning, low crime rate, highly rated schools, and home improvements. Crime Rate A neighborhoods crime rate can depend on whether a family will risk settling down with their children. High crime rates can include crimes such as robbery and burglary which can put a family in high risk not feeling safe in their neighborhood. Unemployment Rate The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing theRead MoreWhat Causes The High Crime Rates?1253 Words   |  6 PagesCrime, no one like this words. Crime happened means that innocent people are being hurt. People would like to live in a safe area. According to the crime data analysis, the crime rate in Cincinnati was much higher than the U.S. average from 2000 to 2012 (http://www.city-data.com/crime/). With such higher crime rates, it not only causes bad impacts on local residents’ lives, but also reduces the population of Cincinnati—people are tending to move out of Cincinnati. To know why and what causes theRead MoreYouth Unemployment in Nigeria1200 Words   |  5 PagesYouth Unemployment in Nigeria INTRODUCTION Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the eighth most populous country in the world with a population of 154, 729,000 citizens. Our nominal GDP is $207. 116 billion and we have a nominal per capita income of $1, 4011. Nigeria also has the second largest economy in Africa. If I may ask, is this country not blessed? Yet, it is still plagued by youth unemployment which had been one of our major problems in recent years. Both government andRead MoreA Plan Of Investigation At Englewood Wasn t Always The Number One Most Violent Neighborhood1575 Words   |  7 Pages A . Plan of Investigation Englewood wasn’t always the number one most violent neighborhood ; it became this way due to unemployment rates and gangs evolving throughout chicago . Which leads to the question of â€Å" To what extent were gangs and unemployment rates responsible for the amount of violence in Englewood â€Å" ? Within this historical investigation , research will be done on the amount of and the type of gangs that are associated within Englewood . Everyday someone dies and every second someone

Minimum Wage Essay Thesis Example For Students

Minimum Wage Essay Thesis Outline1 Introduction2 Advantages of minimum wage3 Disadvantages of minimum wage4 Conclusion Introduction What is a minimum wage? There is hardly an adult person who hasn’t met this word construction in his life. To be honest, it is an issue that hooks the attention of citizens in any country. It has become one of the most popular topics, and changes in its sphere is always followed by sharp people’s discussion. To give a proper definition, the minimum wage is the lowest payment that workers can get instead of their labor. It is defined by the official institutes and is legally protected. It is extremely important to avoid injustice in receiving money from organizations. The formation of minimum wage amount depends on many things. It strongly tights to the current national economic condition of the country and is impacted by the overall level of life in it. In the countries that we used to name well-developed, the minimum wage will be considerably more essential than in those with unstable economics. Advantages of minimum wage There are lots of persuasive arguments that claim the pros of minimum wage and proves the reasons why it should be strongly defined. Guarantee of government protection for workers Minimum wage is a strong guarantee that protects common individuals from injustice. Without this protection, employees would not receive proper payment for their labor. The way people earn for a living requires selling their goods and services to others. The one who bought has the right to define the payment and may offer too cheap prices. But now, he/she could not give less than the defined base. Diminish the occasions of poverty Another thesis that was suggested to prove the advantages of the minimum wage is that it positively influences the process of poverty disappearance. Individuals are not guaranteed to become rich, but they monthly receive a refund that enables them to use goods and services provided by others easily. Their payment always covers their general everyday needs, and they can provide themselves with a comfortable living. Raising productivity It is officially proved that the minimum wage will increase the productivity of the company workers. There is a well-known correlation that exists in any area: the bigger the award is, the better and harder the staff is struggling to get it. The growth of the measure of minimum wage definitely forces people to work more as they feel that their forces are correspondingly compensated. The increase of stimulus to find a job It is not a secret that unemployment is a big problem for lots of countries. There are so many citizens that could not sell their services and live without a constant job. They are constantly looking for a job on the market and are not satisfied with the payment they get. A considerable amount of minimum wage will be a stimulus to find a job for them. They will definitely know that will receive repayment for their activity. Lower government spending Another statement claims that minimum wage will considerably lower spending that government annually does. Such money use is focused on protecting people without a job who could not come to the market and find a proper way to provide their living. Social programs that give a fund help for people to support them in fulfilling of their daily requests will considerably lessen the annual amount of money. Minimum wage serves as a guarantee that citizens will get the needed payment to cover their needs. Extend consumption Another positive effect that minimum wage does regarding to the general consumption in the country. It could be easily explained by the fact that the staff obtains monthly a significant amount of money that enables them not only to fulfill their needs but also to spend them for pleasure. Visiting of theaters or cinemas becomes more often, and the same thing is about shopping. .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .postImageUrl , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:visited , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:active { border:0!important; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:active , .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0 .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uef1a9acba7cc02a12f5553d5ad84dae0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: RwandaGenocide or Civil War EssayDisadvantages of minimum wage The opposite side, though, gives arguments that prove the shortage of the minimum wage. The minimum wage will increase unemployment One of the most popular opposite statements claims that the minimum wage will increase the occasions of unemployment in the country. This argument has its rights for existence as the companies considerably lessen the number of staff due to the appearing of the minimum wage. The companies have not privileged from extra supplying of activity. They think about their competitiveness and high the price of their services while lessening the list of vacation. Raise of inflation Another argumentative statement provides the fact that the minimum wage is one of the most influential factors of the rapid inflation in the country. The well-defined amount of money that people are supposed to get monthly is usually followed by the rise in prices. It is how business works: they are aware of the grant of minimum wage and know that individuals can now spend more money. Taking this fact into consideration, they increase the prices for the goods people will probably buy. The growth of the investment cost Another disadvantage of defining the minimum wage will refer to the significant enlargement of the cost of investment. Not every company is ready for this unexpected step, and it is the issue of their existence. The minimum wage means the organization should pay more to the staff and it eventually impacts the growing investment. After all, they are forced to raise the prices for products to balance the situation. Conclusion Minimum wage is the lowest fund of money that the government demands to pay for people who sell their services to others. It is usually seen as the market bottom for wage employers defines for their staff. There are arguments whether establishing the minimum wage in the country is a good choice or it causes more problems. Both sides have various argumentative statements that prove their rightness. I accept the fact that minimum wage will increase such negative aspects as unemployment and cause difficulties for companies by the growth of the cost of investment. However, I reckon that the minimum wage has considerable advantages and should be obligatorily protected by the official establishments. It is the only one meaningful guarantee for citizens to get a correspondent repayment for their labor.

Contemporary Issues In Accounting Concerns-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What is the Contemporary Issues In Accounting Concerns? Answer: Introduction The framework of present-day accounting lays down the procedures for preparaing and presenting the financial statements and basics of accounting presentation to give true and fair view to the external users of the financial statements. The users require information about the companys recent factual status for mainly two purposes namely if it will be profitable and viable to invest in the companys resources and they would be earning the profits and secondly, whether the enterprise has got the cash flow generating ability (Dichev, I.D., 2017) In the long run, there may be different purposes of general purpose accounting and financial regulation but its should have faithful representation i.e., free from error, neutral and complete such that it is easily understandable, comparable and verifiable. The Framework for financial reporting basically describes 5 basic elements explained below. (Cohen, J., Krishnamoorthy, G. and Wright, A., 2017) An asset is a company controlled resource due to its past efforts, which will help to earn future economic benefits. A liability is an obligation to pay the resources of the company due to its past deeds and this results in the outflow of the resources. Equity is generally the residual portion left after settling off all the liabilities from the assets. This generally includes the equity shares, reserves, etc and belongs to the owers of the company. (Mitchell, F., Nrreklit, H. and Nrreklit, L., 2017.) Income or revenue is defined as the increament in the economic benefits of the company over a period leaving apart the increase in equity portion by the owners through infusion of the funds. This is categorised between comprehensive and other comprehensive income heads. Expenses on the other hand are increase the economic losses or decrease in the economic benefits due of outflow of resources and incurring of liabilities. (Li, S., Sougiannis, T. and Wang, I., 2017.) Thre is a long dated back history for inclusion of prudence in the financial framework, there have been several rounds of debates amonst expects that whether of not it should be included in financial presentation framework as it has had impacts of under realisation of gains, booking of extra losses and provisons resulting in wrong picture to the users of financial statements. To put a full stop to all this discussion, IFRS stated for it sinclusion in 2010 (Spalding, A.D. and Lawrie, G.R., 2017) Now, the question arises what actually is Prudence and what is the limit of its application and whether or not estimation should be applied. So Prudence is the application of caution which prepration of accounts such that provionsa are made for the future decided losses and profit is not booked until it is sure to be recognised such that the robust recognition of revenue is done. Thsis has both the sides depending upon its application i.e., good and bad. (Marabel-Romo, J., Guiral, A., Crespo-Espert, J.L., Gonzalo, J.A. and Moon, D., 2017.) The whole idea behind judging of prudence limit is to record and measure the assets, liabilities, incomes and expenses on the linearity basis i.e., figures pertaining to current financial year should be recorded in the next or previous finanicial year. It is something which cannot be guided by the Standards but a relatie level of estimation is reqd. to give the financials a pure view without errors and adjustments. Example like internally generated intangibles recognition in the books are being prevented in the IFRS. Also, there is a separate piece of discussion on what items of PL should be shown in OCI what should be reinstated as a part of the PL. As per discussion paper of IASB, several items should to be recognised at historical cost as this displays an element of prudence in the values stated as well as profit recognition timing. Besides this, prudence in cash-flow-based measurement or fair value is not accommodating. This is where it becomes difficult to contradict the fights that prudence has leadto unquantified biasnessin accounting. Analytical view of the 2 companies selected QANTAS Airline (Australia) Founded in 1920, Qantas, abbreviation for Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services is Australias largest brand of airline, is the worldsthird oldest and has built a reputation in safety, customer experience and operational excellence.Its headquarters are in Sydney, New South Wales. The combined revenue of the business for the previous financial year was nearly $ 16.2 billion and the consolidated net profit amounted to $ 1,029 million. (Wang, W.K., Lin, F., Ting, I.W.K., Kweh, Q.L., Lu, W.M. and Chiu, T.Y., 2017.) As mentioned clearly in the financials, the company has prepared its consolidated financial statements has followed Australian Accounting Standardsand the Corporations Regulation, 2001in its accounting framework.Basic principles of accounting have been applied together with the use of reasonable judgements and the application of prudence in preparation of summary statements. The same has been mentionedin the directors declaration in the companys annual report. (Bourjade, S., Huc, R. and Muller-Vibes, C., 2017.) All the material departures, the basis of provisions and other accounting assumptions have been cleary disclosed in the Notes to Accounts and explanatory notes.The present data poinshave been delivered in a manner that all the primaryessentials like materiality, timelessness and relevance are abided with taking into account the auditors judgement. The facts in accounting statements have been reflectedin such a method that they are easily comparable, are reliable, understandable and relevant. Moreover, appropriateness of the accounting policies and the accounting estimates reasonableness has been checked. The statement of financial affairs has been prepared considering the entties to be going concern and utmost precaution has been extended such that all the sufficient necessary information is being delivered to the companys auditors so that they are capable to express their comments and opinion. The same is justified from the Independent auditors report. Some major highlights include inclusion of GST, derivative accounting, revenue recognition at fair value of the consideration received, review of the financial and non financial assets for impairment, recognition of PPE at fair value, depreciation on straight line basis, provision being taken for the onerous contracts, etc (Douglas, I. and Tan, D., 2017.) Air New Zealand (NZ) Founded in 1940, it is the largest passenger carrier in New Zealand having 21 domestic and 31 international destination across the world. It has its headquartersat Auckland city, NZ. It was awarded airline of the year in 2010 and 2012 and is rated as one of the safest airline in the world. The aggregatedrevenue of the company for the previous financial year was around $ 4.48 billionand the net profit was $ 463 million. (Bourjade, S., Huc, R. and Muller-Vibes, C., 2017.) As per the Directors Statement Independent Auditors Report attached below, the financials adhere with the generally accepted accounting principles and are reflecting unbiased view of the accounts. In addition, the financials have been prepared using reasonable judgements and reliable estimates and that all the IFRS New Zealand IFRS has been followed consistently. Besides that, requirements of Financial Markets Conduct Code, 2013 has been adhered too. The company here also states that it has followed and considered internal control procedures in the financial statements in order to give its users reasonable assurance about the integrity and reliability. (Saha, A. and Bose, S., 2017.) The auditors here have also taken care of Internal Standards on Auditing (New Zealand) which means this financial statement report gives the assurance to the external users like banks financial institutions for transactions with the company. In addition, the auditors have chosen the quantitative materiality for the Group financial statements to be $30M, which gives a pristine view of what is material and what not. (Yeoman, I.S., Yeoman, I.S., McMahon-Beattie, U. and McMahon-Beattie, U., 2017.) In the notes to accounting, the significant accounting policies used with respect to IFRS 9, 15, 16 has been disclosed. The total amount of assets and liabilities that are reported, are often affected by the estimates of the management. These estimates often lead to fluctuations, because of which there is a difference in the estimated and the actual results. All the consolidation has been done using the method of equity. The concept of prudence and its application is not been mentioned by the company in its reports. However, mentioning the same is not important. The thing that matters is that the perpetrators of the financial statements apply these principles, along with ascertaining effective diligence in the accounting framework of the company. In addition, this company has given separate disclosure for partial divestment in Virgin Australia. (Weatherford, L.R., 2017.) Assessment of the annual reports of the two companies and their respective methods of preparation The two given companies operate in the same sector of the indystry.Qantas is the Australia is largest while Air NZ is a giant in NZ. For the preparation of their financial statements, both the companies are following different procedure and methods. While Qantas is following the Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulation, 2001 of conceptual framework, the Air NZ is following the principles of IFRS NZ IFRS. consolidated reports are prepared by both the companies exclusively, however, in case of Qantas any kind of discrepancies is the group companies is shown exclusively and is mentioned in the notes to account, where in case of Air NZ no such disclosure regarding materiality is given. In case of Air NZ detailed notes to accounts are given, while in case of Qantas, significant policies of accounting are presented in a detailed manner Recommendation After analysis of the given companies, it can be said that the base aim is preparation of the financial statements by the management of both the selected companies which is relevant for the stakeholders. Both the companies are following the commonly accepted IFRS principles for maintaining their books of account. The point that prudence as a concept should be included or not is a very debatable topic. It is important that proper judgement is applied while preparing the financial statements, excess of prudence is bad. But it cannot be ignored completely. Conclusion After the entire analysis, I have reached conclusion that no matter what method an organisation is applying. It is important that the analysis be such that it satisfies the needs of the users. The given companies have very well followed their chosen policies and analysis and comparison of the two has been done. It is clearly seen that the annual reports are made with utmost diligence and the makers have done applied their share of diligence in the same. All the necessary requirements are covered and the needs of the user have been satisfied. References Bourjade, S., Huc, R. and Muller-Vibes, C., 2017. Leasing and profitability: Empirical evidence from the airline industry. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 97, pp.30-46 Cohen, J., Krishnamoorthy, G. and Wright, A., 2017. Enterprise risk management and the financial reporting process: The experiences of audit committee members, CFOs, and external auditors. Contemporary Accounting Research, 34(2), pp.1178-1209. Dichev, I.D., 2017. On the conceptual foundations of financial reporting. Accounting and Business Research, pp.1-16 Douglas, I. and Tan, D., 2017. Global airline alliances and profitability: A difference-in-difference analysis. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 103, pp.432-443. Li, S., Sougiannis, T. and Wang, I., 2017. Mandatory IFRS Adoption and the Usefulness of Accounting Information in Predicting Future Earnings and Cash Flows, pp.1-47 Marabel-Romo, J., Guiral, A., Crespo-Espert, J.L., Gonzalo, J.A. and Moon, D., 2017. Fair value accounting in the absence of prudence in accounting standards: an illustration with exotic derivatives. Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting/Revista Espaola de Financiacin y Contabilidad, 46(2), pp.145-167. Mitchell, F., Nrreklit, H. and Nrreklit, L., 2017. 6VVThe Validity of Financial Statement Measurement. A Philosophy of Management Accounting: A Pragmatic Constructivist Approach,1-6. Saha, A. and Bose, S., 2017. The Value Relevance of Financial and Non-Financial Information: Evidence from Recent Academic Literature, pp.1-29 Spalding, A.D. and Lawrie, G.R., 2017. A Critical Examination of the AICPAs New Conceptual Framework Ethics Protocol. Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-18. Wang, W.K., Lin, F., Ting, I.W.K., Kweh, Q.L., Lu, W.M. and Chiu, T.Y., 2017. Does asset-light strategy contribute to the dynamic efficiency of global airlines?. Journal of Air Transport Management, 62, pp.99-108 Weatherford, L.R., 2017. Intelligent aggressiveness: Using forecast multipliers, hybrid forecasting, fare adjustment, and unconstraining methods to increase revenue. Decision Sciences, 48(3), pp.391-419. Yeoman, I.S., Yeoman, I.S., McMahon-Beattie, U. and McMahon-Beattie, U., 2017. The turning points of revenue management: a brief history of future evolution. Journal of Tourism Futures, 3(1), pp.66-72.